中文摘要：

采用水热法将ZnNiAl金属盐溶液混合制得一系列水滑石前驱体,通过在不同温度下焙烧后获得ZnO/NiO/ZnAl2O4纳米复合物。利用SEM、HRTEM、TEM、XRD、BET、TG-DTA和UV-VisDRS测试方法对样品进行表征。在模拟太阳光照射下,通过测定甲基橙溶液的光催化降解率来评价样品的光催化活性。研究Zn/Ni/Al摩尔比、焙烧温度等对样品结构组成、形貌及光催化活性的影响。结果表明,相比水滑石前驱体,ZnO/NiO/ZnAl2O4纳米复合物有更好的光催化性能,当原料中Zn/Ni/Al摩尔比为2：1：1时,在600℃焙烧所得的催化剂具有最佳光催化活性。在模拟太阳光照射下,60min内对浓度为100mg/L甲基橙的降解率达97.3%,相同条件下远远超过了Degussa P25的活性。并且对ZnO/NiO/ZnAl2O4纳米复合物可能的光催化机理进行了探讨。

英文摘要：

ZnO/NiO/ZnAl2O4 mixed-metal oxides were successfully synthesized through a hydrotalcite-like precursor route, in which appropriate amounts of metal salts solutions were mixed to obtain a new series of ZnNiAl layered double hydroxides（LDHs） as precursors, followed by calcination under different temperatures. The as-obtained samples were characterized by SEM, HRTEM, TEM, XRD, BET, TG-DTA, and UV-Vis spectra techniques. The photocatalytic activities of the samples were evaluated by degradation of methyl orange（MO） under the simulated sunlight irradiation. The effects of Zn/Ni/Al mole ratio and calcination temperature on the composition, morphology and photocatalytic activity of the samples were investigated in detail. The results indicated that compared with ZnNiAl-LDHs, the mixed-metal oxide showed superior photocatalytic performance for the degradation of MO. A maximum of 97.3% photocatalytic decoloration rate within 60 min was achieved from the LDH with the Zn/Ni/Al mole ratio of 2：1：1 and the calcination temperature of 500 ℃, which much exceeded that of Degussa P25 under the same conditions. The possible mechanism of photocatalytic degradation over ZnO/NiO/ZnAl2O4 was discussed.