中文摘要：

采用金相显微镜（OM）及扫描电子显微镜（SEM）等仪器对铸坯裂纹造成钢材缺陷的特征及成因进行分析。结果表明：钢筋拉拔断裂、钢板表面结疤及麻坑缺陷均是由铸坯裂纹遗传至轧制过程所导致的。由铸坯裂纹引起的缺陷往往在缺陷处可观测到一薄层高温氧化铁,附近分布着大量细小高温氧化圆点,且在中高碳钢材中缺陷处往往伴随有脱碳迹象。为改善钢材品质,全面分析了铸坯裂纹的形成原因,并针对相关原因提出了相应的改进措施。

英文摘要：

Scanning electron microscopy and optical metallographic microscope were employed to analyze and discuss the characteristics and causes of the defects in steel products. The results show that drawing fracture, surface scab, steel pit defect are caused by the slab cracks inherited to rolling process. A thin layer of high temperature oxidation, a large number of small high temperature oxidation dots can be observed at the defects caused by casting slab crack. And signs of decarburization can be observed in the defects of medium and high carbon steel. In order to improve the quality of steel,the reasons for the formation of slab cracks were analyzed and the corresponding improvement measures were put forward for the relevant reasons.