中文摘要：

本文通过引入马氏距离法来测度文化异质性，在Anderson和van Wincoop（2003）的框架下构建了一个具有微观理论基础的扩展引力模型，并使用Baier和Bergstand（2009）一阶泰勒近似的方法来控制多边阻力，在此基础上研究了文化异质性对中国出口贸易的影响。研究发现：（1）文化因素是中国出口贸易的重要影响因素，文化异质性对中国出口贸易具有显著的抑制效应，向贸易伙伴国的出口随着文化差异的增加而显著减少；（2）相对于高收入贸易伙伴国，向低收入贸易伙伴国的出口受文化异质性的影响相对更强；（3）文化异质性对中国出口贸易的影响存在显著的产品差异。文化异质性对初级产品的出口抑制作用较大，对工业制成品的出口抑制作用较小。本文的研究结论表明增强出口市场自主选择性、调整出口结构、进一步完善出口企业配套信息服务机制对促进出口贸易平稳较快增长具有重要意义。

英文摘要：

This paper introduces Mahalanobis Distance to measure cultural heterogeneity, constructs an extended gravity model in the frame of Anderson and van Wincoop（2003）, applies first-order Taylor expansion proposed by Baler and Bergstand（2009）to control multilateral resistance, and then investigates how cultural heterogeneity impacts China＇s export trade. Main results are as follows. （1）Cultural factor plays an important role in China＇s export, and cultural heterogeneity has significantly negative influence on China＇s export. As cultural difference between China and trading partners gets more obvious, the export drops significantly. （2）Compared with high-income trading partners, cultural heterogeneity appears to exert a greater influence on low-income trading partners. （3）The impact of cultural heterogeneity on China＇s export varies significantly across product categories; cultural heterogeneity exerts more inhibiting effects on primary products compared with manufactured goods. The results of this paper imply that enhancing independence of export market, adjusting export structure, and improving relative information service of export enterprises have great significance for promoting export.