在DNA计算机研究中,所建模型的好坏直接影响着DNA计算中诸多问题,如编码的难易程度、整个生物操作或生化反应的设计、解空间的大小、计算时间多少、应用范围以及通用性的程度等.如何建立快速的、功能强的、具有一定通用性的DNA计算机模型,是从事DNA计算机研究者一直关注与感兴趣的难题.为此,该文将主要围绕着DNA计算机的模型建立展开讨论,重点讨论10年来所建立起来的一些主要模型.共分为三种类型:第一种是利用DNA分子结构与特性所建立起来的几种主要模型;第二种是利用生物操作方式所建立的三种模型:试管型、表面型与芯片型;第三种是所谓的DNA计算机模型.文中讨论了这些模型的基本原理、功能、优缺点以及应用的研究进展等.最后,对DNA计算机模型研究中的难点进行了分析,并给出了相应的解决思路.
In the DNA computer research, the quality of the model set up in DNA computing have a effect directly on all it's aspects, such as the extent of difficulty of encoding, the complete design of bio-operation and biochemistry reaction, size of solution space and computing time. Especially, the models have a effect directly on the application scope of computer as well as extent of universality. How to establish a high speed and powerful DNA Computer model with a certain universality, it is a difficulty problem that computer researcher has been interesting. For this, this paper will make a discussion around the modelings of DNA Computer. It is important that discuss some models built in recent 10 years. They are divided into 3 types. The first one is several main models built by using DNA molecular structure and characteristics; The second one is to make use of the bio-operation method build up of three kinds of model. Tube type, the surface type and chip type; The third is the so-called DNA computer model build up, working properly; This paper discusses the basic principle, function, merit and shortcoming of these models and research progress of the applications, the difficutties of the DNA computer model research analyzes, and gives solving way correspondingly.