中文摘要：

我们从 62 件样品学习了硅藻分发从最高 1 厘米在华南海(SCS ) 的沉积，使用抓住或在三的盒子 corers 航行在 20012007 之间。56 个类， 256 种和他们的变化被识别。统治种类包括了 Coscinodiscus africanus， Coscinodiscus nodulifer， Cyclotella stylorum， Hemidiscus cuneiformis， Melosira sulcata， Nitzschia 系船池， Roperia tesselata， Thalassionema nitzschioides， Thalassiosira excentrica，和 Thalassiothrix longissima。在 SCS 的大多数表面沉积富于硅藻，除了一些粗糙的样品。在学习区域的平均硅藻丰富是 104 607 valve/g。以丰富，生态学，和空间分发，七个硅藻地区(地区 17 ) 被认出。(北大陆人架) 地区 1 被温暖的水流，自台湾东面的菲律宾海流向日本的暖流的 SCS 北分支，和北沿海的水流影响；(西北的大陆人架) 地区 2 被强烈沿海的水流影响；(Xisha 岛海区域) 地区 3 是有过渡的水群众的 bathyal 环境；(海盆) 地区 4 是有在一个围住半的边缘的海的稳定、一致的中央水群众的一个 bathyal-to-deep 海；(Nansha 岛海洋的区域) 地区 5 是有相对高的表面温度的远洋的环境；(北 Sunda 架) 地区 6 是热带架环境；并且(北 Kalimantan 岛架区域) 地区 7 被温暖的水从印度洋和沿海的水影响。数据显示这些硅藻地区是仔细与地形学，水动力学，温度，营养素和特别咸度有关。在硅藻分发和海洋学的因素之间的关系的更好的理解将在过去在 SCS 的重建帮助。

英文摘要：

We studied diatom distribution from 62 samples from the uppermost 1 cm of sedimem in the South China Sea （SCS）, using grabs or box corers in three cruises between 2001-2007. Fifty six genera, 256 species and their varieties were identified. Dominating species included Coscinodiscus africanus, Coscinodiscus nodulifer, Cyclotella stylorum, Hemidiscus cuneiformis, Melosira sulcata, Nitzschia marina, Roperia tesselata, Thalassionema nitzschioides, Thalassiosira excentrica, and Thalassiothrix longissima. Most surface sediments in the SCS were rich ill diatoms, except for a few coarse samples. Average diatom abundance in the study area was 104 607 valve/g. In terms of the abundance, ecology, and spatial distribution, seven diatom zones （Zones 1-7） were recognized. Zone 1 （northern continental shelf） is affected by warm currents, SCS northern branch of the Kuroshio, and northern coastal currents; Zone 2 （northwestern continental shelf） is affected by intense coastal currents; Zone 3 （Xisha Islands sea area） is a bathyal environment with transitional water masses; Zone 4 （sea basin） is a bathyal-to-deep sea with stable and uniform central water masses in a semi-enclosed marginal sea; Zone 5 （Nansba Islands marine area） is a pelagic environment with relatively high surface temperature; Zone 6 （northern Sunda Shelf） is a tropical shelf environment; and Zone 7 （northern Kalimantan Island shelf area） is affected by warm waters from the Indian Ocean and coastal waters. The data indicate that these diatom zones are closely related to topography, hydrodynamics, temperature, nutrients and especially the salinity. Better understanding of the relationship between diatom distribution and the oceanographic factors would help in the reconstruction of the SCS in the past.