中文摘要：

以不同地区的梨属6个野生种和1份西洋梨对照种质为试材，运用SRAP技术研究了梨属部分野生种的遗传多样性。结果表明：用14对SRAP引物共检测到位点199个，其中194个多态性位点，多态位点百分率（PPL）为97．29％，Nei’S基因多样性指数（H）为0．2961，Shannon＇s信息指数（I）为0．4519，表明梨属野生种质具有较高的遗传多样性水平。种间遗传分化系数（Gst）为0．6462，种间遗传一致度（GS）和遗传距离（GD）分别为0．5126～0．9201和0．0832～0．6683，其中河北梨、秋子梨和褐梨两两间的遗传距离均小于与其它种间的遗传距离，表明三者间亲缘关系密切；崂山梨与褐梨近缘，杜梨与褐梨近缘，而豆梨与国产其它物种的亲缘关系较远。主坐标分析与聚类分析结果相吻合，且所显示的种质间关系更加直观。

英文摘要：

Taking six wild species of Pyrus from different regions as materials and one P. communis as control,genetic diversity of partial germplasm resource from wild species of Pyrus was studied by sequence-related amplified polymorphism （SRAP）. The results showed that, 199 loci were identified with 14 SRAP primer combinations out of which 194 were polymorphie. The proportion of polymorphic loci （PPL） was 97. 29%, Nei~s gene diversity（H）was 0. 296 1, Shannon＇s Information index（I）was 0. 451 9,which showed the abundant genetic diversity in Pyrus. Coefficient of genetic differentiation （Gst） was 0. 646 2,Nei＇s genetic identity and genetic distance were 0. 512 6-0. 920 1 and 0. 0832-0. 668 3. The genetic distance between each pair of P. hopeihensis, P. ussuriensis, and P. phaeocarpa was obviously smaller than any other pairs, showing the closer relationship of the three species. Also, genetic relationship of P. trilocularis, P. phaeocar pa , and of P. betulae f olia , P. phaeocarpa were close, while P. caller yana was more distant with other indigenous species. The analysis result of PCOA was similar with cluster analysis, and the former directly showed the relationships between all groups.