中文摘要：

在工程实际问题中,为考察物体的转动特性,需要知道其转动惯量。对于质量分布均匀或形状规则的物体,可以采用理论方法计算得到其转动惯量,而对于绝大多数质量不均匀或形状不规则的物体,只能采用实验方法测得转动惯量。首先介绍和比较了常用的转动惯量测定方法,讨论了各种测定方法的优点和缺陷;然后以粉末冶金技术成型的皮带轮为例,运用落锤测定法测得了其相对于转轴的转动惯量,并对测试结果进行了误差分析,研究了测试误差产生的原因。最后,介绍了在转动惯量实测过程中所遇到的问题以及解决问题的技巧。

英文摘要：

In some cases,moment of inertia of an object is needed for investigating its rotation characteristics. For most objects with uniform distribution mass and regular shape,the moment of inertia can be calculated by theoretical method.While for most uneven mass or irregular shaped object,the experiment method of measuring the moment of inertia becomes the only adoption. In this paper,the commonly used methods to determine the moment of inertia are introduced and compared,and the disvantages and defects of various kinds of measurement method are discussed. Then,as an example,the method of determination of drop hammer test is adopted to measure the moment of inertia relative to the rotational axis of powder metallurgy technology molding pulley,and the experimental error together with the causes are analysed. Finally,the problems and solving skills during the measuring process of moment of inertia are introduced for serving as a reference for technical personnel.