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中文摘要：
选取了鄱阳湖4个柱状沉积物,应用改进的Hedley磷形态连续提取法和有机磷(OP)酶水解技术,研究了其OP累积特征、生物有效性变化及其与流域发展间的响应关系.结果表明:1自1972年以来,鄱阳湖沉积物OP含量呈持续增长趋势,其中南部湖区和"五河"尾闾区较北部和中部湖区增长趋势明显;不同阶段沉积物OP中H2O-Po和HCl-Po含量呈先下降,而近十年又有所增加趋势;Na OH-EDTA-Po含量则呈持续增长趋势,即鄱阳湖沉积物OP增加主要是由于Na OH-EDTA-Po的增加所致.2鄱阳湖沉积物各形态OP组成各异,其中H2O-Po含量较低,以类植酸磷为主,生物有效性较低;Na OH-EDTA-Po含量较高,以活性单酯磷为主,生物有效性较高.鄱阳湖沉积物OP增加主要来源于活性单酯磷,其生物有效性也呈增长趋势,二酯磷和类植酸磷则在1972—2002年间为下降趋势,2002年以来有所增加.3鄱阳湖沉积物OP,特别是Na OHEDTA-Po的累积主要受流域农业面源污染影响,其中沉积物OP和Na OH-EDTA-Po含量与流域单位面积磷肥施用量显著正相关,表明流域农业面源污染是导致鄱阳湖沉积物OP含量增加的重要原因之一.
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