中文摘要：

系统地研究了消毒务件和水质在城市污水氯化消毒过程中对生成三卤甲烷和卤乙酸的影响。结果表明，投氯量对三卤甲烷和卤乙酸生成量的影响最大，投氯量为40mg／L时的生成量分别约是投氯量为5mg／L时的30倍和70倍。三卤甲烷浓度随反应时间和温度无明显变化，而卤乙酸浓度在反应2h后达到峰值并在之后逐渐降低，且随温度的升高呈下降趋势。pH对两类副产物生成的影响几乎相反，近中性条件下的三卤甲烷生成量最多而卤乙酸生成量最少。水中氨氮浓度的增加会导致三卤甲烷生成量略有下降，而卤乙酸浓度却大幅上升。溴离子浓度升高将导致三卤甲烷和卤乙酸生成量显著增加，其中三氯甲烷浓度下降，三溴甲烷浓度显著上升，混合取代的三卤甲烷浓度先增加后减少。与此类似，二氯乙酸和三氯乙酸浓度随溴离子浓度的增加而减少，含溴卤乙酸浓度则有不同程度的增加。反应温度、反应时间、pH和氨氮对污水消毒副产物生成的影响与已报道的饮用水消毒中的作用规律存在显著差异，甚至截然相反，这为有针对性地选取消毒工艺参数提供了依据。

英文摘要：

Disinfection is the last barrier of the wastewater reclamation process to protect safe ecosystem and human health. Due to the relatively complex and high content of precursors, disinfection byproducts （DBPs） problem occurs all through the practice of wastewater disinfection, but its related research is limited. A study was conducted on the effects of the operating conditions and water quality on the formation of trihalomethanes （THMs） and haloacetic acids （HAAs）, the two major categories of DBPs produced during the municipal wastewater chlorination disinfection process. The experimental results indicate that chlorine dosage is the most significant factor. The concentration of THMs and HAAs at chlorine dosage of 40 mg/L is 30 and 70 times that at 5 mg/L, respectively. THMs formation is not sensitive to reaction time and temperature changes, while the HAAs reach a peak after 2 hours, then they decrease with extended time and elevated temperature. The most of THMs and the least of HAAs are detected at a near neutral condition, in other words, these two groups of compounds respond to pH variations almost oppositely. Ammonia greatly promotes the formation of HAAs and inhibits the formation of THMs. Bromide enhances the formation of THMs and HAAs, specifically, the chlorine-substituted compounds decrease and the bromide-substituted counterparts increase significantly. The effects of reaction time, temperature, pH and ammonia on THMs and HAAs formation during wastewater chlorination are completely different from those of drinking and surface water disinfection. Therefore, these corresponding measures should be taken to control the formation of DBPs effectively.