中文摘要：

应用棉饼稻草日粮,配合饮水中添加氧化镁的饲喂方式,对其中成功诱发尿石症的6只阉割公山羊不同试验阶段的尿沉渣及肾功能变化特点进行了研究。试验分5个时期进行：预试结束时作为试验Ⅰ期,正式试验第15~60天为试验Ⅱ期,加镁后尚未出现尿闭为试验Ⅲ期,尿闭发生初期作为试验Ⅳ期,尿闭发生后2~5 d为试验Ⅴ期。结果：（1）山羊采食棉饼稻草日粮后,试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ期尿液中存在大量棺盖形状（洋信封形状）晶体和大小不等的短细杆状小晶体,在试验Ⅳ期晶体基本消失,试验Ⅴ期则出现少量小晶体,其数量显著低于试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ期（P〈0.05）;（2）试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ期有少量肾小管上皮细胞脱落,试验Ⅲ、Ⅳ期的尿液中出现大量肾小管与肾盂上皮细胞,并伴有少量管型,试验Ⅴ期尿液中脱落上皮细胞与管型的数量增加;（3）试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ期血浆尿素水平较试验Ⅰ期显著升高（P〈0.05）,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ期肌酐水平未发生明显变化,试验Ⅲ期肌酐水平显著升高（P〈0.05）,血液尿素/肌酐比值在试验Ⅱ期明显升高（P〈0.05）,试验Ⅲ期开始下降;试验Ⅳ、Ⅴ期血浆尿素与肌酐含量较试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ期显著升高（P〈0.05）,血液尿素/肌酐比值显著降低（P〈0.05）;尿蛋白在试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ期明显升高,在试验Ⅳ期显著降低,但在试验Ⅴ期尿蛋白又急剧升高。结论：高镁可以引起山羊肾脏上皮细胞脱落,细胞脱落可造成肾机能不全,同时脱落的细胞和漏出尿液蛋白等又为结石成核提供了条件,使尿液中晶体沉渣转化为结石,从而促进了山羊尿石症的发生。

英文摘要：

The urolithiasis of 6 wether lambs was successfully induced by a new mode of feeding with cottonseed meal diet and adding MgO in drinking water,and the changes of urinary sediment and renal function were evaluated in different experimental phase of urolithiasis.The experiment was divided into five phases,the end of pre-testing designed as phase Ⅰ,days 15-60 of experiment as phase Ⅱ,pre-dysuria after adding MgO in drinking water as phase Ⅲ,the initial stages of dysuria as phase Ⅳ,2-5 days after dysuria as phase Ⅴ.The results showed that：（1） Crystals emerged largely with coffin-lid-shaped and different size radicel crystals in phases Ⅱ and Ⅲ in urine of goat after cottonseed meal and rice straw diet feeding,and basically disappeared in phase Ⅳ,but small crystal could be found again in urine of phase Ⅴ with a significant lower quantity than that in phases Ⅱand Ⅲ（P〈0.05）.（2） Small amounts of tubules epithelium was observed in urine of goat in phases Ⅰ and Ⅱ.At the initial phase of occurrence of urolithiasis induced by MgO treatment（phases Ⅲ and Ⅳ）,cast-off cells of tubules epithelium and pelvis epithelium with small amounts of cast were observed in urine from bladder.Several days after the occurrence of urolithiasis（phase Ⅴ） amounts of cast-off cells and casts got a further increase.（3） Urea in plasma got a significant increase（P〈0.05） in phases Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ and Ⅴthan in phase Ⅰ.Plasma creatinine was found no significant change in phases Ⅰand Ⅱ,and significant increase（P〈0.05） in phases Ⅲ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ than in phases Ⅰand Ⅱ.The ration of plasma urea to plasma creatinine increased significantly（phase Ⅱ） after cottonseed meal and rice straw diet feeding but decreased significantly（phases Ⅳ and Ⅴ） after the occurrence of lithogenesis.Urine protein got a significant increase（phases Ⅱ and Ⅲ） but decreased significantly at the initial stage of lithogenesis（phase Ⅳ）,then a significant increase was found several day