中文摘要：

在连续流气提式好氧颗粒污泥流化床（CAFB）反应器中,以低浓度的城市污水作为营养基质,絮状污泥作为接种污泥,采用逐级递增负荷的运行方式培养好氧颗粒污泥.研究了CAFB中颗粒污泥的形成过程、颗粒性质和污泥中生物多样性.结果表明,CAFB反应器启动的第6 d即有大量颗粒污泥形成,颗粒直径800～1 000μm.CAFB运行12 d后,污泥浓度MLSS达到6 000 mg·L-1,SVI值稳定在35 mL·g-1左右,胞外聚合物的质量分数与接种前相比有了较大的增长,并具有丰富的生物相和较高的生物量,各项运行指标基本趋于稳定.扫描电镜观察颗粒污泥主要由球菌和杆菌组成,颗粒中含有大量的孔隙和通道.装置稳定运行后,对COD的去除率保持在70%～75%,出水COD的浓度维持在70 mg·L-1左右.在装置运行32 d后,丝状菌大量繁殖,发生污泥膨胀.可见,在CAFB中可以快速形成好氧颗粒污泥,且对污染物具有良好的去除效果,但其运行稳定性还有待深入研究.

英文摘要：

The aerobic granular sludge was cuhivated successfully in a continuous-flow airlift aerobic granular sludge fluidized bed （CAFB）, with low-concentration municipal sewage as the influent and flocculent activated sludge as the seeding sludge. The formation,characteristics and the biological diversity of the aerobic granules in the CAFB were investigated and analyzed. Experimental results showed that many dense and compact granules with diameter of 800-1 000 μm were formed as early as the 6th days operation. At the start-up stage,sludge volume index （SVI） decreased to 35 mL.g-1, the mixed liquor suspended solid （MLSS） concentration increased to 6 000 mg. L-1, and the mass fraction of extracellular polymeric substances increased significantly. The granules presented a good biological diversity and high biomass contents at the steady running stage. The aerobic granules were basically composed of coccid and bacillus as observed by the scanning electron microscope. A large number of voids and channels were found to be located on the surface of the granules. The removal rate of COD maintained at 70% -75% at the steady stage of CAFB running, and the effluent COD concentrations were 70 mg. L-1. At the 32nd day of operation, filamentous bacteria grew apparently and sludge bulking happened. Above results showed the CAFB aerobic granules formed rapidly, and performed a good ability on the pollutant removal. However, more work is necessary on the steady running of this novel bioreactor in the future.