中文摘要：

旨在探索过度训练对大鼠红细胞的损伤及牛磺酸的保护作用机制。以过度训练大鼠和喂食丙二醛（MDA）大鼠为模型，研究二者对红细胞形态、红细胞膜脂质的微粘度及红细胞膜骨架蛋白的影响，并分别喂食Tau来拮抗过度训练大鼠和喂食MDA大鼠。结果表明，过度训练大鼠和喂食MDA大鼠都有相似但不同程度地改变红细胞形态，并使红细胞膜流动性显著降低和红细胞溶血度显著升高，在膜蛋白电泳上，都产生了新的高分子量电泳条带（HMWA）。以牛磺酸（Tau）喂食各对照组后，能有效地逆转由于过度训练和喂食MDA对红细胞形态和结构的损伤。以上实验结果提示：MDA可能是导致过度训练后红细胞结构损伤的重要因子，可能是引起运动性疲劳的重要因素，Tau抗疲劳作用的机制可能是拮抗MDA对机体细胞的损伤。

英文摘要：

Objective ： This paper aims to probe the damaging mechanisms of erythrocytes in the processing of over- trained condition in rats and the possible protection ways of erythrocytes by taurine. Methods： Using the animal models of over-trained rats and MDA fed rats, this paper tested the red blood cell physiological indexes including the shape of erythrocyte, the Micro-viscosity of erythrocyte membrane lipid and the structure of erythrocyte mem- brane proteins. In this paper two groups were fed with taurine to be investigated protection effects. Results： The shapes of erythrocyte were changed in both the over-trained rats and the MDA fed rats. Besides, the cell membrane lipid micro-viscosity decreased significantly, and the hemolysis degrees of red blood ceils increased significantly. A new electrophoresis band （high molecular weight aggregation, HMWA） was imaged in SDS-PAGE. After taurine was added in each control group, the conditions of erythrocyte shapes, the fluidity of membrane lipid and the he- molysis degrees were reversed, and the HMWA was inhibited. Conclusion ： MDA maybe act as one of the important factors leading to the exercise-induced fatigue and over-trained. The protective mechanism of taurine may employed from MDA impairing the cell membrane structures.