中文摘要：

动物头骨骨孔是头部神经和血管进出的通道,阐明骨孔形态结构以及与神经和血管的关系,对制作哺乳动物头部神经标本和脑神经外科具有重要意义。研究了野生盘羊头骨骨孔解剖特征和测量指标,并与家绵羊进行了比较。结果表明：野生盘羊头骨有13对骨孔和1个枕骨大孔,每个骨孔内都有对应的神经和血管进出,各个骨孔的平均直径如下：眶上孔10.04 mm、眶下孔7.65 mm、枕骨大孔21.76 mm、颈静脉孔5.04 mm、颈静脉孔7.86 mm、颞眶圆孔6.67 mm、翼卵圆孔18.21 mm、颞管孔6.54 mm、视神经孔6.28 mm、腭前孔4.71 mm、腭后孔4.58 mm、下颌孔9.10 mm、颏孔4.98 mm;野生盘羊与家绵羊头骨骨孔解剖学特征基本一致。研究为高原动物适应进化和动物神经生物学研究,以及动物解剖学教学提供基础资料。

英文摘要：

Bone cavity hole of animal skull was out of the channel of nerves and blood vessels in the head, thebone hole morphology and the relationships with nerves and blood vessels were clarified, it is important for theproduction of mammalian nerve head specimens and neurosurgery. The data on skull morphology of the argliwere reported in this paper, which involved bone hole anatomical features and measurement, compared withskull of the modern domestic sheep. The results indicated that there were total 13 pairs of holes and a boneforamen magnum in the skull of argali, and it was existed the corresponding nerves and blood vessels in everybone holes, The diameter for each bone hole as follows： supraorbital foramen was 10.04 mm, infraorbitalforamen was 7.65 mm, foramen magnum was 21.76 mm, jugular foramen was 5.04 mm, carotid foramen was7.86 mm, temporal orbital hole was 6.67 mm, wings foramen ovale was 18.21 mm, temporal foramen was6.54 mm, Optic foramen was 6.28 mm, the hole under palate was 4.71 mm, palatine foramen was 4.58 mm,mandibular foramen was 9.10 mm, mental foramen was 4.98 mm. Bone hole anatomical features of wild argalisheep skull consistent with the modern domestic sheep. It provided some scientific bases for the study ofplateau adaptive evolution, mammalian neurobiology and the teaching of animal anatomy.