中文摘要：

非编码RNA是不能编码蛋白质的RNA分子。人类基因组测序证明人类基因组中大部分为不编码蛋白质的基因（编码蛋白质的DNA仅占整个基因组的3%-5%）,由此转录而来的RNA远远多于编码蛋白质的mRNA。非编码RNA广泛参与生命现象的各个环节,对编码RNA和蛋白进行复杂的生物学调节,非编码RNA在多种疾病的致病通路中发挥重要作用。本文详细介绍了非编码RNA的生物学特点和功能,并分析了其在肿瘤中的作用机制、研究进展及治疗前景。

英文摘要：

Non-coding RNAs are RNA molecules that are not translated into proteins. The human genome sequencing project proved that most genes in human genome are non-coding genes（the coding genes account for only 3%-5% of the whole genome）. Therefore, the number of non-coding RNA transcripts far exceeds that of mRNA. Non-coding RNA participates in various biological activities by regulating mRNA and protein in a complex manner, and plays an important role in pathogenic pathways of many diseases. This article introduced its biological features and functions,meanwhile analyzed its mechanism, research progress and treatment prospects in tumor.