中文摘要：

为研究芦荟粗提物对多种常见畜禽致病菌和病毒的体外抑菌和抗病毒作用,本实验采用培养基打孔法观察芦荟粗提物对致病菌的抑菌作用;采用含不同浓度芦荟粗提物的固体培养基培养致病菌观察其抑菌效果;采用细菌计数法分析致病菌在芦荟粗提物液体培养基中的增殖情况。分别采用细胞培养和鸡胚接种法检测不同浓度芦荟粗提物以及不同作用时间对传染性囊病病毒（IBDV）和新城疫病毒（NDV）增殖的抑制作用。结果表明：芦荟粗提物对供试菌均具有抑菌作用,其中金黄色葡萄球菌、四联球菌、八叠球菌、绿脓杆菌、大肠杆菌、蜡样芽胞杆菌培养时出现明显的抑菌圈,直径（D）〉14 mm;固体培养基中芦荟粗提物浓度大于40%时可形成可明显地减少菌落数;浓度大于80%的液体培养基中细菌生长到达对数期的时间比对照组延长至少4 h。IBDV与芦荟粗提物作用组的MTT OD570nm值均高于病毒对照组,并且随浓度的增大和时间的延长而升高;NDV与芦荟粗提物作用组的血凝价均低于病毒对照组,并且随浓度的增大和作用时间的延长而降低。

英文摘要：

To study bacteriostatic effect of Aloe crude extract in vitro,ten kinds of pathogenic bacteria were tested by means of punching nutrient medium,solid medium liquid nutrient medium cultures containing Aloe crude extract at different concerntrations.The antivirus effects of Aloe crude extract at different concentrations on infectious bursal disease virus（IBDV） and Newcastle disease virus（NDV） at different times of exposure were detected by the cell culture and embryo inoculation,respectively.Results showed that Aloe crude extract of any concentration had bacteriostatic effect on tested pathogenic bacteria with inhibitory zone diameter over 14 mm,such as S.aureus,M.tetragenus,Sarcina,E.coli and B.cereus.Aloe crude extract at the concentration more than 40% was able to significantly inhibit the bacteria in solid medium.In liquid nutrient medium with the extract at the concentrations more than 80%,the time period of the bacteria spent in reaching logarithmic phase in their growth was prolonged for at least for 4 hours,compared with the control group.Tested on IBDV with Aloe crude extract,the MTT values（OD570nm） in the tested groups were higher than those of the virus control group,and ascended with the increase of concentration and the prolongation of time.HA titers in NDV tested groups were lower than those of the virus control group,and descended with the increasing concentration and the incubation time.