中文摘要：

目的 研究不同学科6种常见过敏性疾病患者主要变应原的分布特性,为诊断和预防过敏性疾病提供依据.方法 随机选取过敏性疾病患者312例,用德国MEDIWISS Analytic GmbH敏筛过敏原检测系统检测患者血清中变应原特异性免疫球蛋白E（sIgE）,分析不同过敏性疾病间变应原的差异.结果 共检测312例过敏性疾病患者,变应原免疫球蛋白E （IgE）阳性者285例（94.37％）,其中男性132例（94.29％）,女性153例（94.44％）,不同性别患者IgE阳性检出率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;285例IsE阳性患者变应原检出率吸入物以户尘螨、屋尘、蒿草类花粉、树类花粉、狗猫毛皮屑为主,食入物以牛奶、虾、蟹、菠萝、贝、牛肉、鸡蛋白为主.不同疾病的变应原种类除蟑螂、霉菌类、苋菜、腰果外,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 采取积极有效的环境干预措旌,改善人群居住环境,保持室内通风及适宜湿度,尽量避免接触相关变应原,调整饮食习惯减少过敏物质的摄入,是防治过敏性疾病的关键.

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the serum allergen - IgEs in six common allergic diseases to understand the disposition and screen correlation aeroallergen to provide the basis for the clinical prevention and therapy of these diseases. Methods The serum level of total IgE and allergen specific IgE were examined in 312 patients with immune blot assay in vitro. Results Total IgE and aller- gen specific IgE positive examined in 285 patients （94：37%） ,including the men 132 （94.29%） ,the woman 153 （94.44%） ,different gender of patients with IgE positive rate showed no significant difference （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Allergen in different disease types except cock- roach,molds, amaranth, cashew nuts such as statistically significant differences （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion Take active and effective measures of environmental intervention, improve the living environment, maintain and appropriate humidity indoor ventilation, avoid con- tact with relevant allergen, adjusting the diet to reduce allergenic substances,is the key to the prevention of allergic diseases.