中文摘要：

目的：探讨复杂性尿路感染病原菌分布及耐药性特点，为抗菌药物合理使用提供参考。方法收集2012年7月－2013年7月在医院治疗的125例复杂性尿路感染患者临床资料，采用法国生物梅里埃公司VIT EK‐2 Compact全自动微生物鉴定仪进行细菌鉴定，采用纸片扩散法（K‐B法）进行药敏试验。结果125例尿路感染患者送检标本培养出311株病原菌，其中革兰阳性菌59株占18．97％、革兰阴性菌213株占68．49％、真菌39株占12．54％；主要革兰阳性菌对多数抗菌药物耐药率均＞50．00％，对万古霉素的耐药率0；革兰阴性菌对多数抗菌药物耐药率＞50．00％，对头孢类抗菌药物耐药率均高达＞90．00％；对美罗培南、呋喃妥因耐药率较低＜15．00％；真菌对制霉菌素的耐药率为0。结论复杂性尿路感染的病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主；革兰阳性菌和革兰阴性菌对抗菌药物耐药率较高，真菌对抗菌药物具有较好的敏感性，在进行治疗前，应进行药敏试验，根据试验结果选择敏感性高的抗菌药物。

英文摘要：

OBJECTIVE To explore the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing the complicated urina‐ry tract infections so as to provide guidance for reasonable use of antibiotics .METHODS The clinical data were col‐lected from 125 patients with complicated urinary tract infections who were treated in the hospital from Jul 2012 to Jul 2013 ,then the pathogens were identified by using VITEK‐2 Compact automatic microorganism identification system of bioMérieux ,France ,and the drug susceptibility testing was performed with the use of disk diffusion method （K‐B method） .RESULTS A total of 311 strains of pathogens have been cultured from the submitted speci‐mens that were obtained from the 125 patients with urinary tract infections ,including 59 （18 .97% ） strains of gram‐positive bacteria ,213 （68 .49% ） strains of gram‐negative bacteria ,and 39 （12 .54% ） strains of fungi .The drug resistance rate of the main gram‐positive bacteria to most of antibiotics was more than 50 .00% ,and the drug resistance rate to vancomycin was 0;the drug resistance rate of the gram‐negative bacteria to most of the antibiot‐ics was more than 50 .00% ,the drug resistance rate to cephalosporins was as high as 90 .00% ,and the drug re‐sistance rate to meropenem or nitrofurantoin was less than 15 .00% .The drug resistance rate of the fungi to nysta‐tin was 0 .CONCLUSION The gram‐negative bacteria are dominant among the pathogens causing the complicated u‐rinary tract infections .The drug resistance rates of the gram‐positive bacteria and the gram‐negative bacteria are high ,and the fungi are highly susceptible to the antibiotics .It is necessary to perform the drug susceptibility tes‐ting before the treatment and choose the antibiotics with high susceptibility based on the results of the drug sus‐ceptibility testing .