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中文摘要：
目的分析尿石症患者的尿路结石化学成分及其分布特征。方法回顾性分析贵州省人民医院泌尿外科2009年12月至2012年9月共708例尿石症病例，以红外光谱法分析尿路结石的化学成分，并以患者性别、年龄、结石部位等为分组依据，分析各组尿路结石的化学成分特征。结果40～〈60岁组尿路结石发病率达高峰，男性与女性尿路结石患者的比率为1．97：1；结石成分检出率最高的为草酸钙（占94．77％）；其次是碳酸磷灰石（占38．70％），尿酸或尿酸铵（13．42％）、磷酸镁铵（3．53％）、磷酸氢钙（0．56％）、胱氨酸（0．28％）等成分结石所占比例较低。结论贵州省尿石症患者的尿路结石化学成分以草酸钙为主，草酸钙结石所占比率高于国内其他省份，有必要深人开展防治措施研究。
英文摘要：
Objective To analyze the biochemical stone compositions of urinary calculi and investi- gate the distribution in general population of Guizhou province. Methods Clinical data of 708 patients with identified urinary calculi living in Guizhou province admitted in the provincial hospital from December 2009 to September 2012 were retrospectively collected. Infrared spectrophotometry was carried out for biochemical composition analysis of urinary stones retrieved by endoscopic, open surgery, or spontaneously or by extracorpo- real shock wave lithotripsy. Gender, age and stone location among these patients were evaluated, and the results were analyzed with biochemical stone analysis. Results Urinary calculi were most common in the patients at the age of 40 to 60, and with an incidence of male to female of 1.97： 1. The most dominant composi- tion of urinary stones was calcium oxalate （94.77%）, followed by carbonate apatite （38.70%）, uric acid or ammonium urate （13. 42%）, ammonium magnesium phosphate （3. 53% ）, calcium hydrophosphate （0. 56% ）, and cystine （0.28%）. Conclusion The dominant stone composition in inhabitants of Guizhou province is calcium oxalate, which significantly higher than other regions of China. Some special measures should be taken to prevent urolithiasis in Guizhou province.
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