中文摘要：

为了打破传统动态结构设计的专业领域束缚,研究者们提出了一种＂从运动到形式＂的可计算、交互式设计思路,辅以材质分析、运动学与力学仿真、模型分割、结构分析与布局、碰撞检测、3D打印快速成型等技术,自动模拟动态物体设计制造过程,使得缺乏专业知识的普通用户都能设计出个性化的动态物体,大大简化了结构设计,节约了设计成本.虽然可计算的动态机械结构设计已经取得很大进展,但依旧面临许多物理结构、力学分析、环境感知的问题与挑战.本文基于材料选择和结构设计的差异,将现有的研究工作分为微观、中观和宏观多个尺度进行综述,又根据设计目的和运动方式的不同,进一步将其中研究最广的宏观尺度分为运动驱动、形状驱动和功能驱动三类机械结构设计,并分别介绍各自方法的特点和不足,结合新兴技术、用户体验、场景应用等对机械结构设计今后的研究进行了展望.

英文摘要：

To break the confines of the traditional dynamic creatures design,researchers have proposed a new computable,interactive and ＂motion-to-form ＂design method,combined with material analysis,kinematic andmechanics simulation,model segmentation,structural analysis and layout,collision detection,and rapid 3D printing prototyping technology to automatically simulate the dynamic structure design and manufacturing process. It allows causal users to design and fabricate their personal dynamic creatures with rich motion,which greatly simplifies the structural design and saves the design costs. Although computational dynamic mechanics design has made great progress, it is still facing many challenges, such as physical simulation, mechanical analysis,environmental perception,etc. This review divides the existing research into micro,meso and macro multi-scale structure design based on the differences in material selection and structural design. Since the macro-scale design is the hottest,we further divide it into motion-driven,shape-driven and functioning-driven mechanics design,and introduce their features and shortcomings respectively. The future research of dynamic mechanics design is also discussed with the combination of emerging technology,user experience and scene applications.