中文摘要：

城市土地置换开发已成为城市发展过程中的重要内容．由于置换的工业用地大多受到了原有生产过程的影响，可能存在着不同程度的土壤污染，而这种潜在的土壤污染又会成为城市土地置换开发的阻碍因素．在对美国相关场地环境影响评价程序概述的基础上，选取上海市2000—2004年完成的30本环境影响报告书，从环境要素、评价内容等方面，对城市土地置换过程中开展土壤环境影响评价存在的主要问题进行探讨，并结合上海某区域土地置换开发环境影响评价案例以及美国场地环境影响评价的实践工作和程序，深入分析了土壤环境影响评价工作可能存在的阻碍因素，并提出了相关改进措施。

英文摘要：

Urban land replacement has become a more important issue in city development. There maybe exist different degrees of soil pollution in the industrial areas to be replaced due to previous production processes, and the potential soil pollution may become one of the hindering factors of urban land replacement. Based upon the introduction of American site environmental assessment, 30 environmental impact assessments （EIAs） during from 2000 to 2004 in Shanghai city were selected, and the soil environmental impact assessment （SEIA） during the process of land replacement was analyzed from two aspects, i.e. environmental elements and assessment contents. Combined with a land replacement EIA case of Shanghai as well as the American site environmental assessment practices, the main hindering factors and countermeasures of soil environmental impact assessment in China were followed up.