中文摘要：

中国畜牧业发展正面临资源环境的双重约束，本文选取土壤环境承载压力、水环境承载压力、饲料粮自给压力和饲草自给压力4项指标，测算了1990-2010年中国及2010年国内各地区畜牧业资源环境承载压力，研究表明：21年间中国畜牧业资源环境承载压力总体上呈现出“逐年上升一平稳回落”的两阶段特征，水环境超载成为中国及各地区畜牧业发展面临的首要环境约束，土壤环境超载次之；饲草自给不足成为制约中国及各地区畜牧业发展的首要资源约束；饲料粮虽能自给，但从全国范围看已接近自给上限，农区省份尤为明显。最后，立足研究结论提出了强化环境监管、推动畜龠粪便还田、加强保护草原以及发展节粮型畜牧业等建议。

英文摘要：

The development of livestock husbandry is facing the dual constraints of resources and environment. This research selects four indicators： the bearing pressure of soil, the bearing pressure of water environment and the self-sufficient pressure of feed grain and forage grass, to estimate the Chinese livestock husbandry pressure of the resources and environment during 1990 to 2010, in every part of China. Results show that the pressure of Chinese livestock husbandry from resources and environment is characterized by a two-stage-characteristic, namely ＂increased year by year - decreased steadily＂. The overload of water environment has been the primary environmental constraints. The overload of soil environment follows that, which is being faced by Chinese livestock-husbandry＇s development, as well as various regions in China. The lack of forage self-sufficiency is the major resource constraints, which is restricting the Chinese livestock-husbandry＇s development all over China. Although the feed grain can meet self-sufficiency now, it has been approached to the maximum limit Of its self-sufficiency, especially in the agricultural areas. According to the conclusions of this study, we provide some advices： enhance the environmental supervision, promote the manure of livestock and poultry to fertilize the field, strengthen the protection of grassland, develop the saving food of animal husbandry, and so on.