中文摘要：

采取多阶段整群抽样和入户问卷调查的方法,对居家和机构两种养老模式下老年人的亲属关系进行了比较研究,结果发现：1）入住机构的老年人大都是高龄、丧偶、文化程度较低、健康状况较差的老年人,而居家养老的老年人大都是低龄和中龄老年人,有配偶的比例较高,身体状况较好,文化程度也较高。2）受年龄、文化水平、收入、健康、婚姻状况、子女数量等因素的影响,居家老年人比机构老年人拥有较高比例的亲密交往亲属。3）无论是见面联系还是打电话联系,居家老年人与亲属间的交往频度均高于机构老年人和亲属间的交往频度。4）影响居家老年人和亲属间交往频度的主要因素是亲属居住距离,而影响机构老年人和亲属间交往频度的主要因素是老年人的健康。5）无论在哪种养老模式下养老,老年人和亲子间的交往都多于和亲属间的交往,亲子关系是城市老年人人际关系的重心,而亲属关系则相对淡化。

英文摘要：

By means of multistage cluster sampling and household survey methods, the kinship of the elderly in the two geriatric nursing modes — staying in their own houses or in the nursing homes —has been studied. The result shows that 1） most of the elderly living in the geriatric nursing homes are aged, widowed,barely educated, and poor in health condition; while the elderly living in their own houses are mostly middle-aged, properly educated, having spouses, and better in health condition. 2） Compared with the elderly living in geriatric nursing homes, the elderly living in their own houses usually have a higher proportion of intimate family ties, due to the positive factors such as higher education, better health condition, proper income, and care from the spouse. 3） The elderly living in their own houses enjoy a higher frequency in terms of contact with their kids or relatives in person or via telephone. 4） The major factor affecting the contact between the elderly and their relatives is distance, while health condition is the main obstacle interfering with the contact between the elderly living in the geriatric nursing homes and their relatives. 5） Regardless of the mode in which the elderly live, the frequency of contact between the elderly and their kids is higher than that between the elderly and their relatives. Therefore, the parent- child relationship is the main concern of the elderly living in the urban areas, while the kinship among relatives can be relatively less concerned.