中文摘要：

研究长期不同施肥处理蔬菜保护地土壤的磷素释放特征，结果表明：（1）释磷过程分为快速和慢速释放两个阶段，在24小时内快速释磷，释磷量达整个释放的75％。施用同种化肥情况下，施有机肥组土样的释磷量和释磷率明显大于不施有机肥组；施用同种有机肥情况下，施磷肥土样的释磷量和释磷率都大于不施磷肥的土样。（2）释磷过程遵循两个以上的一级动力学方程，二级动力学方程不太适宜拟合磷素的释放。Elovich、双常数和抛物线扩散方程都能非常好地描述磷素释放过程，其中Elovich方程最好，其次为双常数方程。（3）抛物线扩散方程的扩散系数“R”与Elovich方程的“1／β”和双常数方程的“ab”之间极显著正相关，说明扩散作用是影响长期不同施肥处理蔬菜保护地土壤磷素释放的一个重要机制。（4）从相关分析结果来看，影响长期不同施肥处理蔬菜保护地土壤释磷能力的因子主要是有机质、CEC和全磷含量，而粘粒含量与动力学参数呈正相关但显著性不明显，pH值和活性铁铝含量对它的影响不明显。

英文摘要：

Phosphorus release kinetics were studied from long-term manured and fertilized soils. The results were as follows： （1） There existed rapidly and slowly P released processes, with 75% of total releasing amount from the former process. It was apparent that the amounts of released phosphorus from manured soils were much higher than that from non-manured soils, and the amounts of released phosphorus from P fertilized soils were much higher than that from other fertilized soils. （2）The release of P in these soils followed at least two first order kinetics. The second order model inadequately described the data. The equations of Elovich, power function and parabolic diffusion had been successfully used to describe the kinetics of P release, the most appropriate of which was Elovich equation followed by power function equation. （3）The diffusion constant ＂R＂ in parabolic diffusion equation was closely related with the Elovich equation ＂1/β＂and power function equation ＂ab＂, which suggested that diffusion was probably the rate-limiting step in P release from the investigated soils. （4） The organic matter （OM）, cation exchange capacity （CEC） and total phosphorus showed significantly positive relationships with P release rate parameters. However, clay content showed insignificantly positive relationships with P release rate parameters. The pH value, available Fe and Al had little relationships with these parameters.