中文摘要：

以转基因抗虫棉SGK321、GK12及亲本对照石远321、泗棉三号为材料，连续2a利用平板涂布法测定棉花根区土壤真菌数量及主要类群数量的变化，并在第2a蕾期和花期对真菌进行DGGE检测。结果显示：第1a全部供试品种真菌数量均随生育期增加，第2a真菌数量变化趋势与上年不同，2a相同生育期内转基因棉和亲本间均存在差异：①SGK321与石远321相比，第1a蕾期、吐絮期真菌数量及吐絮期镰刀菌数量差异显著；②GK12与泗棉三号相比，第1a花期真菌数量及蕾期、花期的毛霉数量差异显著；第2a蕾期真菌数量及青霉数量差异显著。DGGE结果显示，在蕾期和花期，转基因棉与亲本相比，真菌数量及主要类群都有所改变；在蕾期，2个转基因棉品种与亲本间根区土壤真菌的相似度均高于在花期的相似度。说明转基因抗虫棉对根区土壤真菌数量及主要类群具有一定影响，且种植时间长短也会对其产生不同的影响。

英文摘要：

Transgenic insect-resistance cotton （TIRC） SGK321 and GK12 were monitored for their changes in total rhizospheric fungal population and main fungal type with traditional plate smearing method continuously for two years taking their parents Shiyuan321 and Simian3 as control materials, and tested the fungi with DGGE in next year＇ s bud- ding and blooming periods （ BBP）. The results showed that during the first year total fungal number of all tested varie- ties increased with their reproductive periods, and during the second year the change tendency of the fungal number was different to the first year＇s, and there were differences between the TIRC and their parents during their same reproductive periods in two years： （1） As compared SGK321 with Shiyuan321, the difference of Fusarium number during the first year＇ s budding and boll opening periods was significant; （2） As compared GK12 with Simian3, the difference of Mucor number during the first year＇ s BBP was significant, while the difference of fungal number and Penicillium number were significant during the second year＇ s budding period. The results of DGGE showed that during the BBP comparing TIRC with their parents there were changes in fungal number and main fungal types. During the budding period the similarities of rhizospheric fungi and two TIRCs and their parents were higher than those during the blooming. These suggested that TIRC has a certain impact to rhizospheric fungi; furthermore, the length of cultivating period could have different impact to them.