中文摘要：

在我国长江流域冬油菜区,油菜小孢子培养获得再生苗后需要经历漫长的越夏过程,目前的普遍做法是多次继代培养,该方法操作繁琐、技术要求高且易污染。为解决复杂低效的越夏问题,本研究建立了水培技术体系实现油菜小孢子苗越夏过程。试验结果表明,利用水培技术油菜小孢子幼苗存活率超过90%,小孢子苗直接移栽至大田存活率超过93%。此外,该技术节约90%以上的试剂费用和劳务费用,极大地简化了小孢子苗越夏操作过程。

英文摘要：

In national winter rapeseed region of the Yangtze River Basin,rapeseed plantlets regenerated from microspore culture had to pass the long and hot summer season. At present,multiple subculture technique was used as common practice with cumbersome procedure,high requirement of technology and had high risk of microbe contamination. Features of the present technique severely restricted the development of microspore culture. To improve the technique,we modified hydroponics methods prompting rapeseed microspore plantlets to pass the summer. The hydroponics obtained more than 90% survivals of rapeseed plantlets and more than 93% survivals of field-transplanted seedlings. In economy,this technology saved more than 90% chemical reagents and labor costs. It simplified the over-summer operational process greatly.