中文摘要：

以国际通用的低矮建筑标准模型TTU（德州理工大学）模型为研究对象进行风洞试验,寻求适合于低矮房屋风洞试验的风场以及与风洞试验段相匹配的模型缩尺比.首先进行了1∶15、1∶30和1∶45三种缩尺模型的风洞试验,分析了模型尺寸变化对平均、脉动风压系数和堵塞特征的影响,进而在3种不同湍流度分布的B类风场中对1∶30缩尺比的模型进行详细的风洞试验,并将其结果和其它风洞试验结果及TTU实测数据进行分析比较.研究表明：堵塞度为4.9%的1∶15模型的试验结果仍然显示堵塞效应不能忽略;由于流场Ⅱ、流场Ⅲ的湍流度和实测值更接近,因而其模型风压系数的试验结果与实测值较为一致.据此,文中给出了可用于低矮建筑风洞试验的风场.

英文摘要：

In order to find the best simulated wind field and model scale matched with the size of the wind-tunnel test section for the wind tunnel test of low-rise buildings,wind tunnel tests in such three scales as 1∶15,1∶30 and 1∶45 were carried out,with the internationally-general TTU（Texas Tech University） building model as the research objective.Then,the effects of model size on the mean and the fluctuating wind pressure coefficients as well as on the blockage characteristics were analyzed.Moreover,the 1∶30 building model was tested in three simulated wind fields of exposure category B with different turbulence intensities,and the results were compared with those of other wind tunnel tests and field measurements with the full-scale TTU model.It is shown that the blockage effect can not be neglected even if the blockage is 4.9% for the building model in a 1∶15 scale,and that,as the simulated turbulence intensities in the simulated wind fields Ⅱ and Ⅲ approach the measured ones,the wind pressure coefficients of the TTU model tested in the simulated wind fields accord well with those obtained by full-scale field measurement.Based on the above-mentioned statements,a flow field is finally proposed for the wind tunnel test of low-rise buildings.