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中文摘要：
塔里木河流域近期综合治理已近尾声,众多山区水库及水电开发建设将大规模展开,开展流域生态调度对巩固综合治理已取得的成效,强化水资源统一管理,构建和谐流域具有重要的现实意义.基于流域已确定实施的水资源分配方案和近10a来的生态输水实践,分析了生态调度与水资源合理配置的关系以及流域生态调度关键问题、主要技术路线和基本框架结构,计算了流域生态调度关键控制断面阿拉尔断面生态流量,探索了源流区、干流中上游、干流下游生态调度的目标和措施,提出了源流＂集中同步组合＂、干流＂分段耗水控制＂、干流下游＂地下水位调控＂的生态调度方案,以期为流域水资源统一管理、控制性水利工程运行管理和流域生态环境保护提供参考依据.
英文摘要：
Based on the authorized projects of water resources allocation and the practices of the ecological water conveyance in the past 10years,we discussed the relationship between ecological water conveyance and rational water resources allocation, and analyzed the key issues of ecological operation and the basic framework of ecological operation in the Tarim River basin.The environmental flows in Alar Station were calculated. We discussed the goals and measures of ecological operation in the Tarim River basin and suggest some regulations of ecological operation,such as combination of synchronous with concentration in the headstream, water consumption control by subsections in the Tarim River and underground water level regulation in lower reaches of the Tarim River.The regulations are expected to be useful in the integrated water resources management,the operations of the hydraulic engineering and the protection of ecological environment in the Tarim River basin.
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