中文摘要：

聚集诱导发光（AIE）是指一类荧光生色团在溶液状态下微弱发光甚至不发光,而在固态或聚集状态下荧光显著增强的一种光物理现象.具有AIE特性的分子作为荧光探针在生物检测领域有着传统荧光探针分子不能比拟的优点.一方面可以使更多的AIE探针分子结合到生物大分子上获得高亮度的荧光,而不必担心像传统的荧光分子那样发生聚集导致的荧光猝灭,这为荧光检测提供了便利.另一方面,在聚集后发生的荧光急剧变亮的特性可以作为荧光放大检测的定量依据.本文展示一些有代表性的具有AIE特性的分子,重点介绍其在蛋白质、DNA、G4、手性有机胺等生物分子检测中的应用,阐明AIE荧光探针的工作原理和特点,并对AIE荧光探针的设计与应用给予展望.

英文摘要：

Aggregation-induced emission （AIE） refers to a unique photophysical phenomenon observed for some specific fluorophores,which are faintly or non-emissive in solution but become highly emissive in solid and aggregated states.In the cases of fluorescent probes,AIE active molecules possess some unparallel advantages over their classical counterparts.On one hand,it allows more AIE active molecules to bind to the target analyte,without worrying about the aggregation-induced fluorescence quenching;thus favors fluorescence detection.On the other hand,the feature of drastic enhancement in fluorescence intensity associating with an aggregation event can be used as a method of quantitative detection.In this paper,a series of representative AIE molecules are demonstrated;their applications as biological probes in sensing of protein,DNA,G4,and chiral amines are highlighted;their working principles and features of these molecules are described.Finally,a brief outlook on the design of new AIE-active molecules and the application of AIE-molecules in relevant fields is forwarded.