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基于线粒体cox1片段序列的胶州湾浮游动物DNA条形码分析

期刊名称：海洋与湖沼，2011，已接收。
时间：0
分类：Q958[生物学—动物学]
作者机构：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室山东胶州湾海洋生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,青岛266071, [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049
相关基金：国家海洋局海洋公益性行业科研专项 200805042号; 国家重点基础研究发展计划（973）项目 2011CB403601号; 国家自然科学基金项目 40821004号; 中国科学院方向群项目 KZCX2-YW-Q07-05号;中国科学院对外合作重点项目 GJHZ200808号
相关项目：我国典型海域生态系统演变过程与机制

关键词：胶州湾, 浮游动物, cox1基因, DNA条形码, Jiaozhou Bay, Zooplankton, Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1（cox1）, DNA barcode

中文摘要：

采用cox1基因特异扩增测序的方法,分析了胶州湾45种常见海洋动物的DNA条形码序列82条,联合GenBank中28条cox1序列的分析结果表明：种内个体间遗传差异均值为0.013（0—0.11）;属内不同种间遗传差异均值为0.265（0.137—0.369）,是种内遗传差异的20多倍,条形码间隙明显。在分子系统树中,所有种类的不同个体都聚成一个单系枝;cox1序列遗传差异在科、属水平发生重叠,无法准确解析上述分类阶元的系统发育关系;但在更高分类阶元,cox1序列具有一定程度的解析能力。利用DNA条形码,本研究订正了中国近海多个桡足类的命名。以上结果表明,线粒体cox1基因可以作为DNA条形码实现浮游动物的准确鉴定。

英文摘要：

Estimation of zooplankton diversity and distribution is important for understanding local marine ecosystem conditions,and may serve as sensitive indicators for climate-induced changes.The scarcity of taxonomists and subtle morphological variations in some groups pose a problem for the identification of zooplanktons,especially at their larval stages.DNA barcodes provide an alternative approach to accurate identification of zooplankton species.The efficiency of the mitochondrial cox1 fragments for species reorganization in zooplanktons was evaluated in this study.The samples were collected from the Jiaozhou Bay and a station in the South Yellow Sea.82 DNA barcodes were determined for 45 common species that belonged to six different phyla in the local region,including：Arthropoda,Chaetognatha,Chordata,Cnidaria,Echinodermata,and Mollusca.According to the saturation plot,the cox1 gene was substitutionally saturated for the alignment,which was best illustrated by the wobble codons of the gene.The wobble codons quickly got saturated at around 0.2 substitution per site.K2P genetic distances between individuals within the same species ranged from 0 to 0.11,with an average of 0.013（SE = 0.003）;meanwhile,genetic distance between species within the same genera ranged from 0.137 to 0.369,with an average of 0.265（SE = 0.002）.Thus the genetic distance between species was at least 20 times larger that of the within species,indicating a barcode gap,which ensured that cox1 sequences can be used as reliable characters for species identification for the zooplankton assemblages.However,species with extremely large intraspecific divergences were still noticed in our study,which may be explained by population genetic divergence owing to ecological or geographical isolation,unidentified cryptic speciation,and mis-identification.The significant barcode gap and the long-branch isolated shallow tips topology for the Sagitta bedoti suggested a possible cryptic speciation for the species.According to the Bayesian and neighbor-joinin