中文摘要：

由于珠穆朗玛峰-念青唐古拉山脉极高山区特殊的自然环境，这一带的气象观测资料极其匮乏。2003年在青藏高原南部念青唐古拉山脉（30°24′44．3″N，90°34′13．1″E．5850ma．s.1．）建立了自动气象站：2005年在珠穆朗玛峰北坡垭口（28°01′0．95″N，86°57′48．4″E，6523ma．s．1．）建立了自动气象站。利用这两自动气象站的观测资料与NCEP／NCAR再分析资料进行对比。检验NCEP／NCAR再分析数据在喜马拉雅山脉-青藏高原南部一带的可行性。研究结果表明，NCEP／NCAR再分析资料能够较好地反映气压和气温的天气尺度的变化。但是．再分析的气压和气温值系统性低于相应观测值，而且，某种程度上，低估了实际的变化幅度；再分析天气事件，在珠穆朗玛峰地区，超前于实际观测一日发生，而在念青唐古拉地区。基本上是与观测事件同一日发生。由于受相似大气环流的影响。珠峰和念青两者之间的观测资料、再分析资料都高度相关。

英文摘要：

Mount Qomolangma, the highest peak on Earth, is often referred to as the third pole of the globe. The Nyainqentanglha is one of the closest remote parts of mountain range north to the Himalayas. As such the two places are relatively inaccessible on the southern Tibetan Plateau and little is known about their meteorology. In 2003, an auto weather station was deployed at the north col of western Nyainqentanglha （WNQ） range （30°24′44.3″N, 90°34′13.1″E, 5850 m a.s.1.）. In 2005, the other station was operated at the north col of Mount Qomolangma （28°01′0.95″N, 86°57′48.4″E, 6523 m a.s.1.）. We believe that these represent the high elevation at which continuous weather data have never been collected and thus are valuable datasets with which to investigate the meteorology of the high altitude southern Tibetan Plateau. In this paper, we compare the observations with the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research （NCEP/NCAR） reanalysis, in order to understand the reliability of NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data on Mount Qomolangma and Nyainqentanglha Range. We find that the reanalysis captures much of the synoptic-scale variability in temperature and pressure, although the reanalysis values are systematically lower than the observations. Furthermore, most of the variability magnitude is, to some extent, underestimated. In addition, the weather event extracted from the NCEP/NCAR reanalyzed pressure and temperature prominently appears one-day lead to that from the observational data on Mount Qomolangma, while on the WNQ range it frequently occurs on the same day and there is no obvious lead or lag. Influenced by the same atmosphere circulation, Mount Qomolangma and the WNQ range have close correlations both in the observational data and reanalyzed data.