中文摘要：

本文通过对神木县概况、神木县“全民免费医疗”由来的回顾，介绍“全民免费医疗”的实施背案，并对神木县“全民免费医疗”的实施方案进行文献综述，显示：（1）神木县经济的快速发展是神木县“全民免费医疗”产生的经济基础，但神木县居民对卫生服务需求认知水平并没有随着经济发展而同步提高，仍处于较低的水平；（2）“全民免费医疗”依托神木县新型城乡居民合作医疗发展而来，并借鉴了新农合的管理模式；（3）神木县“全民免费医疗”的结算方式、补偿机制和对定点医院的管理亟待完善。

英文摘要：

This paper analyzed the status, origin and background of ＂Free Health Care for ali Residents＂ at Shenmu County and reviewed its implementation plan. This study found that firstly, the high development of economy has made an important basis for ＂Free Health Care for all Residents＂, however, the level of attention to health care was still low which did not keep step with the economy at Sbenmu County; Secondly, ＂Free Health Care for all Residents＂ at Shenmu County was from the New Rural Cooperative Medical and used the experience of its administrative system. Thirdly, the settlement of compensation and hospital management of ＂Free Health Care for all Residents＂ at Shenmu needed to be improved.