中文摘要：

健康影响评估（HIA：Health Impact Assessment）为那些希望将健康方面的考量引入规划过程的人提供了一种吸引人的方法。目前,HIA主要应用于美国以外的国家,并由公共健康领域的专家带头,但其有望解决规划所涉及的人类健康问题。本文阐述了HIA的历史及与其他类似工具的关系,回顾了HIA的现有理论和实践,并讨论了其在目前规划措施中所扮演的角色。笔者认为,通过完善既有的HIA工具,可使规划师认识到HIA对于当下规划过程是有用的补充而非累赘的附加要求。笔者在文末探讨了HIA具有的独特优势,其更加明确地关注人类健康这一重要问题,从而能够与公共健康和相关领域的潜在盟友进行进一步紧密合作。

英文摘要：

Health impact assessments（HIA） provide an attractive approach for those interested in injecting health issues into planning processes. While HIA have been mainly employed outside the United States and led by professionals from the public health field, they hold promise for addressing the important dimension of human health in planning. This article describes the history of HIA and their relationship to other analogous tools, reviews current theory and practice of HIA, and discusses the role of HIA in current planning initiatives. The authors suggest it is important to modify existing HIA tools so that they are perceived by planners as a useful supplement to current planning processes rather than a burdensome additional requirement. The authors close by discussing how HIA present distinct advantages, providing a more specific focus on the important topic of human health and a further opportunity to more closely partner with potential allies from public health and related fields.