中文摘要：

现在的论文调查邻居效果怎么被连接到长期的贫穷。我们检验一些家庭的一件大样品并且发现邻居效果在组的一个多数是重要的，特别在最穷的组。住在差的社区的人趋于随着时间的过去受不了贫穷。探索邻居效果怎么与这通过发生的长期的贫穷和隧道被互连具有理论、实验的重要性。不同于另外的 econometric 分析，我们建立一个 multilevel econometric 模型显示出那：(i) 它对在有逃离贫穷陷井的农业劳动，低教育层次，和差的运输和电信基础结构的一个高比例的一位邻居的单个生活困难；(ii ) 邻居效果在穷人统治社区；并且(iii ) 尽管贫穷被组级的因素影响，当收入超过阀值水平时，单个因素仍然关于逃离贫穷起一个主导的作用。因此，政策优先级应该被给提供社会保护和公共服务，特别在差的农村区域。

英文摘要：

The present paper investigates how neighborhood effects are connected to chronic poverty. We examine a large sample of groups of households and find that neighborhood effects are significant in a majority of groups, especially in the poorest groups. People living in poor communities tend to suffer from poverty over time. It is of theoretical and empirical importance to explore how neighborhood effects are interrelated with chronic poverty and the channels through which this occurs. Unlike other econometric analyses, we establish a multilevel econometric model to show that： （i） it is difficult for an individual living in a neighborhood with a high proportion of agricultural labor, low education levels, and poor transport and telecommunication infrastructure to escape from poverty traps; （ii） neighborhood effects dominate in poor communities; and （iii） although poverty is affected by group-level factors, individual factors still play a dominant role in regards to escaping poverty when income surpasses a threshold level Therefore, policy priority should be given to providing social protection and public services, especially in poor rural areas.