中文摘要：

针对辽西地区黄土缓坡降雨冲蚀破坏严重的问题，结合野外现场调查、室内物理模拟试验及SEEP／W渗流数值模拟，监测了坡内湿润锋的发展趋势、坡面土体体积含水率的变化，研究了黄土缓坡的冲刷破坏特征及降雨入渗规律。研究结果表明：辽西地区黄土缓坡坡面在降雨冲蚀作用下，按横向坡面形态可分为V形、u形、梯形、三角形4种冲沟。随着降雨的持续，浸润深度逐渐加深，雨水在坡内的浸润线不平行于边坡线，呈现出上浅下深的规律。辽西黄土缓坡坡面经历短时间降雨冲刷时，主要产生表层面蚀破坏；经历长时间降雨冲刷时，坡脚被冲刷淘空，坡面产生陷穴，进而可诱发边坡灾害。

英文摘要：

To solve the problem of serious loess gentle slope erosion caused by rainfall infiltration in western Liaoning, site investigation, laboratory physical simulation experiments, and SEEP/W numerical simulation were combined to monitor the development trend of the wetting front within the slope and the variation of the volumetric water content of the slope soil, and the characteristics of loess slope erosion and regularity of the rainfall infiltration were studied. The results show that, caused by the rainfall erosion, the cross-sectional shape of gullies of the loess gentle slope can be divided into four types ： V-shaped, U-shaped, trapezoid, and triangle shapes. Along with a continuous rainfall, the depth of invasion increases gradually, but the infiltration lines of rainwater in the slope are not parallel to the slope edge lines, showing a law of less infiltration at the top and more infiltration at the bottom of the slope. When the western Liaoning loess slope is eroded by rainfall for a short period of time, it mainly produces surface erosion; but for prolonged rainfall erosion, the base of the slope becomes hollow and sinkholes appear on the slope surface, finally inducing slope disasters.