中文摘要：

在非充分灌溉条件下,基于农田水量平衡模拟模型和作物产量计算模型,以灌水日期和灌溉水量为决策变量,将作物相对产量最大和作物全生育期的总灌溉水量最小作为优化目标,建立了能够同时对灌水日期和灌溉水量进行优化的多目标优化模型。在模型求解方面,设计了适合于此类优化问题的染色体结构,在精英保留非劣排序遗传算法（NSGA-Ⅱ）的基础上提出了一种基于分组排序思想的改进遗传优化算法。以玉米的非充分灌溉制度优化为例进行了计算分析,结果显示总灌水量相同时该模型与文献[9]中的计算结果相比相对产量提高0.07~0.20,达到相同相对产量可节约用水7~15 cm。

英文摘要：

Under the condition of deficient irrigation,based on the field water balance model and crop yield calculation model,a multi-objective optimization model was put forward to optimize irrigation date and corresponding quantity of irrigation simultaneously.In this model,irrigation date and the quantity of irrigation water were regarded as optimization variables,and maximization of relative yield of crops and minimization of total quantity of irrigation water during whole growth stage were as the optimization objectives.In addition,in the respect of solving the model,a new genetic chromosome structure was designed for this kind of optimization problems.On the basis of non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm（NSGA-Ⅱ）,an improved genetic algorithm based on grouping sort was put forward to solve the optimization model.The model was verified by irrigation schedule optimization of corn.Optimization result showed that relative yield of crops increased by 0.07~0.20 when the total irrigation water quantity was same,and the irrigation water quantity decreased by 7~15 cm when the same relative yield in comparison with the calculation results of literature [9].