采用水热法生长了立方磷酸铋晶体。研究了Bi与P摩尔比、合成温度、溶液p H值和表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)浓度对软铋矿结构的立方磷酸铋晶体物相和晶面结构的影响。结果表明:Bi与P摩尔比为2:1和6:1,以及p H值为13和14时有利于立方磷酸铋的生成;CTAB的存在对晶体(100)面的生长有一定的抑制作用,同时会导致晶体出现(111)晶面。CTAB和温度同时变化时,(111)晶面由光滑晶面变为粗糙晶面。生长机制的变化是由于CTAB的存在导致阴离子生长基元的聚合以及CTAB与(111)晶面的相互作用。
The cubic bismuth phosphate crystal was grown by a hydrothermal method. The influence of the hydrothermal condition (i.e., Bi'P mole ratio, temperature and concentration of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB)) on the crystal phases and surface structures of the cubic bismuth phosphate crystals was investigated. The results indicate that the cubic bismuth phosphate crystal can be grown at Bi:P mole ratios of 2:1-6:1 and pH values of 13-14. The presence of CTAB can inhibit the growth of (100) faces of the cubic bismuth phosphate crystal, and induce the (111) facets. The smooth (111) facets become rough when the concentration of CTAB and temperature vary. This is due to the aggregation of anionic growth units and the interaction between CTAB and (111) facets.