中文摘要：

国家公园制度是保护全民共有自然文化遗产的优秀制度之一，在全球范围内得以广泛传播。2015年，国家发改委等部门在12个省份开始启动国家公园体制试点工作。国家公园体制试点的目标是在生态文明制度建设框架下，构建统一、规范、高效的国家公园管理体制，形成可复制、可推广的模式，促进中国保护地体系优化和生态文明制度建设。本文探讨了国家公园内涵与本质特征，基于可持续发展理论、新公共服务理论和适应性治理理论，从突出生态保护、统一规范管理、明晰资源权属、创新经营管理、提升社区发展等角度提出国家公园体制试点建设路径．并提出了包括部门协调、规划引领、资金保障和公众参与在内的保障机制，以推进试点工作的完成。本文最后展望了未来中国国家公园体制试点建设中涉及的资源管理、组织建设、制度架构、社区管理等方面的十大研究议题。

英文摘要：

National park systems are spreading widely around the world and aim to protect natural and cultural heritage owned by all people. In 2015, the Chinese government announced its pilot work in building national parks in 12 provinces, and the country has began to explore new approaches in protected area management. Under a framework of ecological civilization construction, the goals of China＇ s national park system include： establish a rational national park system that is unified and efficient for protected area management; build a replicable and propagable national park management model; promote optimization of China＇ s current protected area system; and reinforce the construction of ecological civilization system. Here we explore the identification and substantive characteristics of national parks that makes them different from other types of protected areas in China. Creating a national park system is an important step in the process of ecological civilization and governance innovation according to sustainable development theory, new public service theory, and adaptive governance theory. We then present a route for creating a national park system, including highlighting ecological protection in the first place, conducting unified and standardized management, clarifying natural resource property rights, innovating operation and management, and promoting community development. Several safeguard mechanisms to ensure success of the pilot, including sector coordination, planning, fund safeguarding, and public participation are needed. Ten issues for future research into national parks in China are proposed, covering issues such as resource management, organizational construction, rules formulation and community management.