中文摘要：

MicroRNA是近年来发现的一类长度为18～24个核苷酸的可调控基因表达的非编码小分子RNA，它主要通过与靶标基因3’UTR的完全或不完全配对，降解mRNA或抑制靶基因翻译，从而参与调节细胞生长、发育、分化、凋亡并影响疾病的发生。MicroRNA生物学技术的应用有望对多种疾病的研究提供新的方法，可以进一步阐明其发生、发展的机制。本文主要对MicroRNA生物学相关技术研究进行介绍，并概述miR-125在多种疾病中的研究进展。

英文摘要：

MicroRNA, which is found in recent years, is a class of small noncoding RNAs of about 18- 24 nucleotides in length, that can regulate gene expression. It induces mRNA degradation or inhibit translation of tagert genes mainly by complete or incomplete base pairing to the 3＇ untranslated region of tagert messenger RNAs. The application of microRNA biology technology provides new methods to the research of multiple diseases, and can further elucidate its occurrence, development mechanism. In this paper, microRNA biology-related researches are introduced and miR-125 in a variety of diseases is reviewed.