中文摘要：

以正丁胺为模板剂首次合成了纯相的SAPO一34分子筛.考察了硅投料量、硅源种类以及晶化温度等条件对所得样品性质的影响.发现反应温度为200°C时,不加入硅源,合成产物为磷酸铝层状相kanemite;加入硅溶胶后,产物中开始有SAPO一34晶体出现,且随着硅投料量的增加,kanemite逐渐消失,SAPO一34分子筛成为主要产物,最终在Si O2/Al2O3摩尔比为0.6一1.4时得到纯相的SAPO一34.不同的硅源对SAPO一34产品的形貌和尺寸影响较大.反应温度为160°C时,合成体系中无法晶化得到SAPO一34,当提高至240°C后,由于层状相在高温下不能稳定存在,此时可以在较宽的硅投料区间内合成得到纯相SAPO一34产品.在200和240°C时,考察了使用同样的初始凝胶合成SAPO一34样品的晶化过程.发现在200°C时,合成体系中最初大量生成了kanemite,随后逐渐减少,SAPO一34晶体开始生成并最终成为唯一产物.而在240°C时,无机原料很快被溶解,之后大量的SAPO一34晶体快速生成,产物的收率和相对结晶度迅速增加,且整个晶化过程中并无层状相生成.这再次证明了高温对层状相的生成有着明显的抑制作用,因此提高晶化温度可以成为一种有效调节产品晶相的方法,特别是在容易产生层状相杂质的合成体系中.鉴于胺热合成方法的诸多优点,例如较高的收率、较好的吸附分离及催化反应效果,几种伯胺（正丁胺、正丙胺、环己胺）被用于充当模板剂和溶剂来合成得到了SAPO分子筛产品.其中,正丙胺为一种新的合成SAPO一34的模板剂.对SAPO一34产品进行X射线衍射、X射线荧光分析、扫描电镜、N_2物理吸附、NH_3程序升温脱附、热重和固体核磁共振等表征.结果显示,得到的SAPO一34产品具有很好的结晶度、孔结构以及合适的酸性.使用氨甲基化反应对正丁胺合成的SAPO一34进行催化反应评价.结果显示,该样品对甲胺和二甲胺具有很高的择形选择

英文摘要：

SAPO-34 was synthesized with n-butylamine（BA） as a template for the first time.Crystallization temperature and initial Si amount were important factors leading to successful syntheses.Lamellar AlPO-kanemite tends to form as the major phase or as an impurity of SAPO-34 at lower crystallization temperatures,though a higher initial Si amount may offer a positive effect on the crystallization of SAPO-34 that mitigates the low temperature.Higher temperature（240℃） can effectively suppress the generation of lamellar materials and allow the synthesis of pure SAPO-34 with a wider range of Si incorporation.The crystallization processes at 200 and 240℃ were investigated and compared.We used the aminothermal method to synthesize SAPO-34-BA at 240℃ and also found n-propylamine is a suitable template for the synthesis of SAPO-34.The SAPO-34-BA products were characterized by many techniques.SAPO-34-BA has good thermal stability,crystallinity and porosity.BA remained intact in the crystals with ~1.8 BA molecule per chabazite cage.The catalytic performance of SAPO-34 was tested in the methanol amination reaction,which showed high methanol conversion and selectivity for methylamine plus dimethylamine under the conditions investigated,suggesting that this material is a good candidate for the synthesis of methylamines.