中文摘要：

表面增强拉曼散射（SERS）是一种基于拉曼散射原理识别生物及化学分子的分析方法。SERS具有灵敏度高、水干扰小、分辨率高、稳定性好等优点,广泛应用于生物分析和生物医学研究领域。近年来,SERS技术在基因分析领域得到迅速的发展,成为国内外研究的热点。本文对应用于基因分析的一些最新SERS技术（包括基因的免标记检测和标记检测）进行较为全面的综述,着重介绍了免标记检测中基于金属纳米粒子和针尖增强拉曼散射的SERS技术,标记检测中基于拉曼活性物、PCR技术、分子信标、基底和标记物的SERS信号放大技术,并概括了基因多组分检测技术及SERS技术的应用前景。

英文摘要：

urface-enhanced Raman scattering（SERS） is a highly sensitive and selective tool for the identification of biological and chemical analytes based on Raman scattering.Due to its unique characteristics of high sensitivity,no interference from water,high resolution and stability,SERS has been widely used in biological analysis and biomedical research.In recent years,great development has been achieved in the application of SERS in the field of gene assay.This review is presented on the latest development of SERS for gene analysis,including label-free detection and label-dye detection.It emphasizes on the metal-nanoparticle-and the tip-enhanced-Raman-scattering-based SERS,and the SERS signal amplification on the basis of Raman-active dyes,PCR technology,molecular beacon,substrates and SERS tags.Finally,the multiplexed SERS detection and the future trends of SERS are outlined.