中文摘要：

目的：全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）和全氟辛酸（PFOA）是广泛应用于工业和生活领域的全氟化合物,在人体及环境介质中均可检出。近几年的流行病学研究表明儿童PFOS和PFOA的暴露水平与血脂水平具有相关性。本研究拟进一步研究血清全氟化合物水平与儿童血脂间关联的性别差异。方法：以台湾儿童为研究对象,分析血清中总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、甘油三脂（TG）等生化指标与PFOS和PFOA血清水平的相关性。结果：线性回归模型分析表明男生血清PFOS、PFOA水平与血脂水平具有显著相关性。当男生血清中ln-PFOS和ln-PFOA水平每增加1 ng·m L^-1时,TC含量分别增高0.51 mg·d L^-1（95%CI：0.30-0.72）和6.53 mg·d L^-1（95%CI：1.96-11.11）,但在女生中则没有观察到血清PFOS和PFOA水平与TC的相关性。趋势分析结果显示,随着儿童血清中PFOS和PFOA水平的增加,男生和女生血脂的TC、LDL和TG含量呈增高趋势。结论：台湾儿童血清PFOS和PFOA水平与血脂水平存在正相关,且在男生中观察到的效应强于女生。

英文摘要：

Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances（ PFASs）,are widely used in commercial applications and can be detected in environmental. Associations between PFASs exposure and lipid levels were observed in previous epidimiological studies. In order to explore the sex-specific difference in the association between PFASs exposure and serum lipidlevels in children,a cross-sectional study among Taiwanese children was conducted. Blood samples were collected to analyze the associations between serum total cholesterol（ TC）,high density lipoprotein cholesterol（ HDL）,low density lipoprotein cholesterol（ LDL）,triglyceride（ TG） and perfluorooctane sulfonate（ PFOS） and perfluorooctanoic acid（ PFOA） exposure levels. The results indicated that association between PFOS,PFOA and lipid levels was more obviously among boys than girls. For example,1 ng·m L^-1 increase in ln-PFOS and ln-PFOA increased 0. 51 mg·d L^-1（ 95%CI：0. 30 - 0. 72） and 6. 53 mg·d L^-1（ 95% CI： 1. 96 -11. 11） TC in boys,respectively,while no association observed between PFOS,PFOA and TC level among girls. Quartile analysis showed that the level of TC,LDL and TG in both boys and girls increased with increasing of PFOS and PFOA in serum. Conclusion： Positive associations between PFOS,PFOA and serum lipid level were observed among Taiwanese children which was more obvious in boys.