中文摘要：

视觉对于动物的生存和行为来说是非常重要的。虽然果蝇幼虫的视觉神经系统在组织结构上比成虫简单,但是也具有一定的复杂性和多样性。在最近几年中,随着对果蝇幼虫视觉系统功能的研究取得重要进展,我们对于果蝇幼虫视觉系统的认识更加丰富了。果蝇幼虫视觉系统的结构中,最初级的光感受神经元包括三类,一类是BO/BN（Bolwig＇s organ/Bolwig＇s nerve）,一类是表达感光分子CRY（cryptochrome）的神经元,另外一类是Ⅳ型DA（classⅣdendriticarborization）神经元;果蝇幼虫视觉系统的次级神经元主要是光节律相关的侧神经元（lateralneurons,LN）,它表达Per（period）、Tim（timeless）及Pdf（pigment dispersion factor）等节律相关的蛋白分子;而第三级神经元包括更为下游的、表达果蝇促胸腺激素且直接调控幼虫光偏好的NP394神经元。这三级神经元构成了我们现在所了解的果蝇幼虫视觉神经系统的基本框架。

英文摘要：

Vision is fundamental for animal survival and behavior.The visual system of Drosophila larva is of certain complexity and variety,though still relative simper compared with that of adult.In recent years,the Drosophila larval visual system in our knowledge has been greatly extended,together with the significant progresses in the functional study of larval visual system.In Drosophila larval system,the primary visual sensory neurons includes： BO/BN（Bolwig＇s organ / Bolwig＇s Nerve）,neurons that express the light sensitive protein Cry,and class IV DA（dendritic arborization） neurons;the secondary neurons include the circadian rhythm related lateral neurons（LN,） which expresses circadian proteins such as Per（period）,Tim（timeless） or Pdf（pigment dispersion factor）;while the tertiary neurons include further downstream neurons such as the PTTH（prothoracicotropic hormone）-expressing NP394 neurons which control larval light preference.These three layers of neurons make up the main structure of the larval visual system that we currently know.