中文摘要：

根据当前国内外在农田土壤氮素运移转化机理方面已取得的研究成果,简要回顾了农田土壤氮素损失产生的环境污染危害,分析了影响土壤氮素径流损失的主要因素。在此基础上,提出了优化水肥管理、合理施用氮肥、发展生态农业、调整种植结构、推广缓控释肥料等防治举措。

英文摘要：

According to the research results of the farmland soil nitrogen transport and transformation mechanisms home and abroad currently,the damages of environmental pollution causing by soil nitrogen runoff loss have been recollected briefly,furthermore,influencing factors of soil nitrogen runoff loss have been deeply analyzed in the paper.Based on this,this paper puts forward some prevention measures,such as optimizing soil water and nitrogen fertilizer management,employing nitrogen fertilizer rationally,developing ecological agriculture,adjusting planting structure,extending slow controlled release nitrogen fertilizer and so on.Therefore,this paper has the great scientific value and guiding significance towards improving nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency,controlling farmland nitrogen runoff loss effectively,lightening contamination of nitrogen runoff loss to the environment,preventing and controlling the agricultural non-point source pollution,etc.