中文摘要：

黑白仰鼻猴（Rhinopithecus bieti）分布在我国金沙江和澜沧江之间的横断山脉的一个狭小区域内（26°14′N-29°20′N，99°15′E-99°37′E），海拔分布范围2600（南部）-4200m（北部）；目前大约有15群，约1700只。本文所研究的西藏米拉卡猴群分布在我国西藏藏族自治区芒康县的南部，数量约50只。基于野外调查和过去的报道，此地的暗针叶林和针阔叶混交林是猴群的适宜栖息地，而由于人口数量增加所导致的夏季牧场和农田面积不断扩增正在逐渐侵蚀着这里的暗针叶林。为了评估该猴群的栖息地现状、变化趋势和变化原因，我们通过野外调查工作，利用GIS和RS技术，分别解译了当地过去5年（1986--2006年）冬季的LandsatTM卫星影像，并对解译结果进行了分析和计算，得到了该猴群栖息地的主要结果有：1）2006年暗针叶林面积是13600hm2，夏季牧场面积是4900hm2，农田面积是3300hm0；2）在过去20年（1986--2006年），暗针叶林面积减少了15．5％（2500hm。），牧场面积增加了58．1％（1800hm2），农田面积增加了17．8％（500hm0）；3）暗针叶林的斑块数量增加了75．6％，平均斑块面积下降了51．8％（从1986年的15．3hm2~02006年的7．4hm0），最大斑块指数下降了54．7％：景观丰富度并没有变化，但Shannon多样性指数和Shannon均匀度指数分别增加了4．0％；4）暗针叶林面积变化与当地的人口数量呈显著负相关（r=-1．000），而夏季牧场和农田面积分别和当地人口呈显著正相关（r=1．000）。表明黑白仰鼻猴米拉卡猴群栖息地的丧失和破碎化程度较为严重；栖息地丧失和破碎化是当地传统生产方式和人口增长共同作用的结果。

英文摘要：

Black-and-white snub-nosed monkeys （Rhinopithecus bietO distribute in a restricted area of the Trans-Himalayas between the Mekong and Yangtze River, at 26°14′N-29°20′N and 99°15′E-99°37′E. There are about 1 700 individuals in 15 groups remained in the habitat between 4200 （north） -2600 m （south） asl. The Milaka group is the northernmost range of the species with about 50 individuals in Mangkang county of Tibet. Based on our field survey and previous reports, we identified the fir forest and the mixed conifer forest as suitable habitat for the monkeys. Summer grazing lands and farmlands, which were made by local people＇s cutting and burning in the fir forest at the high and low altitude belt, are replacing fir forest. To evaluate the status of the monkeys＇ habitat, we employed GIS and RS to identify the habitat types with Landsat TM satellite imagery in winter of 1986 and 2006 respectively. The work resulted in： 1） the size of summer grazing lands, farmlands, and fir forest was 490Ohm2, 3300hm2 and 13600 hm2 in 2006 respectively; 2） during the past 20 years （1986-2006）, the size of fir forest decreased by 15.5% （2500hm2）, summer grazing lands and farmlands increased by 58.1% （1800 hm2） and 17.8% （500 hm2） respectively; 3） the habitat of the species was more fragmented, the number of habitat patches increased by 75.6%, the mean size of forest patches decreased by 51.8% （from 15.3 to 7.4 hm2）, the largest patch index decreased by 54.7%; the patch richness remained the same, but the Shannon＇s diversity index and the Shannon＇s evenness index increased by 4.0%, respectively; and 4） the size of fir forest negatively correlated with villager population （r =-1.000）, but the size of summer grazing lands and farmlands positively correlated with villager population （r = 1.000）. These indicate the habitat lost and fragmentation for the Milaka group increased sharply during the past 20 years and it is the result of population growth and the most employment of