中文摘要：

随着高速铁路建设的兴起，轨道以及沿线附近建筑物承受低幅值小应变振动荷载的作用。对于小应变振动下土体的有限元计算，如何确定连接应力和应变之间纽带的刚度张量E，对于建立合理的预测模型来分析高速铁路轨道以及沿线建筑物的沉降变形至关重要。低幅值小应变振动下剪切模量G和阻尼比D随剪应变幅值的变化是反映土体刚度及阻尼特征最重要的两个参数。通过共振柱试验发现，振动荷载作用下土体的剪切模量G必须通过振动应变幅值和固结围压共同来确定，即使在小应变（剪应变幅值106〈y〈10-4）振动下，也会表现出明显的非线性特征。Davidenkov模型是在双曲线模型基础上为了更好地拟合剪切模量曲线G／G。。．y和阻尼比曲线D-y的试验结果而提出的，不足之处在于Davidenkov模型的拟合参数过多，关键参数y。的取值没有明确的物理方法。对于低幅值小应变振动情形，为了简便起见，忽略大应变振动情形下由于循环效应和速率效应引起的强度变化，在Mohr-Coulomb破坏准则的基础上，通过引入由给定应力状态下的静抗剪强度rf与最大剪切模量Gmax的比值来确定的参考剪应变衔来代替Davidenkov模型中的拟合参数76，尝试提出简化的两参数Davidenkov模型，并通过共（白）振柱试验验证了该方法对计算低幅值小应变振动情形下剪切模量和阻尼比的可行性。

英文摘要：

Railway track and nearby structures in the vicinity of high-speed railway are exposed to low-amplitude small-strain vibrations as high-speed railway traffic construction activities arise. In the finite element （FE） method, how to determine the stiffness tensor E is important to build a rational predicting model to analyze the settlement of track and nearby structures in the vicinity of high-speed railway. Shear modulus G and damping ratio D which will vary with shear strain amplitude are two important stiffness and damping parameters. It is found through resonant column test study that the shear modulus G of soil due to vibrations must be determined by the strain amplitude and the confining pressure, even though under small-strain （shear strain amplitude 10-6〈y〈10-4） vibrations, will still show a remarkable nonlinear characteristic. The Davidenkov model based on the classical Hardin-Dmevich model is proposed to fit the experimental tests of the curves of shear modulus G/Gma~ and damping ratio D vs. ？＇powerfully. However, the shortcoming of the Davidenkov model is that the fitting parameters are too much, and the key parameter y0 can＇t be determined through a definite physical method. This study proposes an simplified two-parameter Davidenkov model through using a reference shear strain yref which will be determined through the ratio of the shear strength rf of soil in static triaxial tests versus the maximum shear modulus Gmax at a given stress state instead of the fitting parameter y0 on the basis of Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion, and verifies the feasibility of the proposed method through tests finally.