中文摘要：

针对传统以欧拉角为参数的轨道要素的奇异性、不确定性以及计算效率低等问题,提出了一种新的四元数轨道要素.建立了新轨道要素与经典轨道要素,以及新轨道要素与惯性系下位置、速度的相互转换关系,推导了基于新轨道要素的高斯摄动方程.以J2项摄动下的轨道推演为例进行仿真验证,结果表明新轨道要素不仅在圆轨道与赤道平面轨道处不存在奇异性和不确定性,而且由于新轨道要素不涉及三角函数运算,新高斯摄动方程积分效率和计算精度明显提高.

英文摘要：

Focused on the singular, indetermination and the calculation inefficiency of traditional orbital elements based on Euler angles, a set of novel orbital elements using quaternion was proposed. The relationships of the novel elements and the classic orbital elements, as well as the novel elements and the position and velocity in the inertial coordinate were built. The Gauss perturbation equations were derived based on the novel elements. The validity and advantages were validated by the propagation of the orbit under J2 perturbation. The results show that the novel elements can not only avoid the singular and indetermination in circular and equatorial orbit, but also with higher calculation efficiency and accuracy for its operation without trigonometric function.