中文摘要：

以尿素、氯化胆碱形成的低共熔溶剂为反应介质、乙醇/水为反溶剂,由市售Zn O制备纳米结构Zn O的材料化学实验。所制备的样品用XRD、SEM、EDS等分析手段进行表征,提出了溶解-沉淀过程的基本原理。结果表明,Zn O具有六方纤锌矿结构,表面形貌为纳米棒构成的菊花状三维有序结构。本实验对材料、化学等相关专业高年级学生、研究生学习和掌握材料制备与表征的基本方法以及认识低共熔溶剂、反溶剂沉淀、纳米结构材料等知识点起到良好的作用。

英文摘要：

Deep eutectic solvents（ DESs） are considered a new class of ionic liquids greener and easy to prepare. In this paper,a novel,green and facile experimental teaching of material chemistry was reported. In the method,nanostructured Zn O was prepared using commercial Zn O powders as raw materials based on the dissolution of Zn O in the urea-Ch Cl deep eutectic solvent（ DES）,followed by precipitation of Zn O nanostructures from the DES upon introduction of an ethanol-water antisolvent. The as-prepared Zn O samples were characterized by XRD,TEM and EDS,and thus the basic principle of dissolution- precipitation was proposed. It is shown that the as-prepared Zn O has a hexagonal wurtzite structure and is composed of nanorods to form a chrysanthemum-like 3-dimensional hierarchical microstructure in surface morphology. This experimental teaching should play favorable roles of learning the primary methods of material synthesis and characterization,understanding the knowledge of DES,antisolvent precipitation and nanostructures for the seniors or postgraduates.