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中文摘要：
随着分布式电源接入电网比例不断提高,其出力的随机性和间歇性对电力系统安全稳定运行造成威胁,虚拟电厂（VPP）为有效解决分布式电源并网提供了新思路。风电等可再生能源的发电和电价具有不确定性,如何在不确定环境下提高VPP的可调度性成为研究热点。针对电价预测精度高、误差分布较为规律的特点,采用随机规划法处理电价的不确定性,对于风电等可再生能源的出力,其预测误差通常难以准确地用概率分布描述,采用鲁棒优化法处理,在此基础上建立VPP优化调度的上层经济调度模型。进一步考虑电网的安全约束,建立VPP优化调度的下层安全调度模型,最终形成VPP两层优化调度模型。通过对改进的IEEE 33节点系统及由风电场、抽水蓄能电站和燃气轮机组成VPP的算例分析,验证了所提模型的可行性和有效性。
英文摘要：
With the unceasing increase of grid-connected distributed generations,the uncertainties and intermittency of their power outputs bring enormous challenges to power grid. VPP（Virtual Power Plant） is a new concept to effectively integrate them into grid. The power generation and electricity price of renewable energy sources,e.g, wind,have inherent uncertainty and the improvement of VPP schedulability in an uncertain environment becomes a hot spot. As the electricity price can be accurately predicted and its error distribution precisely described,a stochastic programming approach is applied to deal with its uncertainty;as the error distribution of power output prediction for renewable energy sources cannot be accurately described, a robust optimization approach is applied to deal with its uncertainty,based on which,the upper-layer economic dispatch model of the proposed two-layer VPP optimal dispatch model is established. Its lower-layer safe dispatch model is established to further consider the safety constraints of power grid. The case study based on the modified IEEE 33-bus test system and a VPP,consisting of a wind farm,a pumped storage power plant and three gas turbines,show the validity and effectiveness of the proposed model.
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