中文摘要：

目的：探讨腹腔手术对老龄大鼠认知功能的影响,建立老龄术后认知功能障碍大鼠模型。方法：18月龄雄性SD大鼠45只,体重500-650g,随机分为3组：对照组（C组,n=15）、麻醉组（A组,n=15）和手术组（S组,n=15）。采用脾切除＋阑尾切除＋腹腔探查术建立老龄大鼠术后认知功能障碍模型。C组腹腔注射生理盐水3ml;A组腹腔注射1%戊巴比妥钠注射液50mg/kg（稀释至3ml）麻醉,不行手术;S组腹腔注射与A组等量的麻醉药物后行脾切除＋阑尾切除＋腹腔探查术。各组随机分为3个亚组（n=5）,于麻醉或手术结束后第1,3,7天采用Y迷宫实验和旷场分析实验测试大鼠认知功能（即C1、C3、C7组,A1、A3、A7组,S1、S3、S7组）。结果：各组大鼠术前Y迷宫测试指标差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。与C组比较,A组大鼠术后各时点Y迷宫测试指标正确反应次数（RN）及全天总反应时间（TRT）差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;术后第1,3天,与C、A组相比,S组大鼠RN减少,TRT延长（P〈0.01）;术后第7天,与C、A组相比,S组大鼠RN及TRT差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。与C组比较,A组大鼠术后各时点旷场分析指标差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。术后第1,3天,与C、A组相比,S组大鼠中央格时间延长,跨格及站立次数减少（P〈0.01,P〈0.05）;术后第7天,与C、A组相比,S组大鼠中央格时间、跨格次数、站立次数差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：脾切除＋阑尾切除＋腹腔探查术可导致老龄大鼠术后认知功能障碍,该模型可作为研究手术应激导致术后认知功能障碍的动物模型。

英文摘要：

Objective：To establish the rat model with post operative cognitive dysfunction,and to study the effect of operation on cognitive function of senile rats.Methods：Forty-five 18months old male SD rats weighing 500-650g were randomly divided into three groups as control group（group C,n=15）,anesthesia group（group A,n=15）and surgery group（group S,n=15）.Post operative cognitive dysfunction was induced by splenectomy＋appendectomy＋laparotomy.Rats in group C received saline 3.0ml intraperitoneally.Rats in group A were subjected to anesthesia（1%pentobarbital sodium 50mg/kg,intraperitoneally）.Rats in group S received the same anesthesia as group A for splenectomy＋appendectomy＋laparotomy.Cognitive function was assessed using open field test and Y maze test on the 1st,3rd and 7th day（T1,T2and T3,respectively）after anesthesia and surgery.Results：There was no significant difference in cognitive function between group C and A.Compared with that in group C and group A,the right number were significantly decreased and the total reaction times were increased,the time in the central square was significantly prolonged,the number of grid cross and the number of rears were decreased significantly in group S at T1and T2.There was no significant difference in cognitive function among group S,group C,and group A at T3.Conclusion：Splenectomy＋appendectomy ＋laparotomy triggers cognitive decline for a short time in aged rats.