一个关于宗教语言的规范性论题的讨论试图表明,对于本体论证明的一种内涵式的弱解读.可以回应K-H(Kaufman-Hick)论题:因为上帝(假设其存在)是无限的,超越的,所以我们不能用任何语言思考中的概念描述他或指称他,即不能把握他。究其本义,K-H论题的核心观点为:任何上帝-谓词即使有内涵.其外延也是空的。在关于这一问题的探讨中,普兰丁格的当代证明,可以看作自安瑟伦以来的各种本体论证明版本的综合.既保存了其关键前提与结论,又避免了其中的各种困难。普兰丁格证明的弱版本:第一,定义了一个普通的上帝一谓词G;第二,仅由某种模态逻辑得到结论:如果G有内涵,则G的外延非空。这个结论,直接反驳了K-H论题,在一种较强的意义上提供了一个成功的反例。
We suggest a weak intensionalized interpretation of the ontological argument, based on which aresponse can be constructed to the Kaufman-Hick thesis that any God-concept, even though understandable or "having intension", has an empty extension. Various versions of the ontological argument are considered,including that of St. Anselm and Alvin Plantinga. Our conclusion is that Plantinga's modal ontological proof, if interpreted in the suggested way, provides in a strong sense a eounterexample to the Kaufman-Hiek thesis.